Improving the Determination of Carbon Isotope Ratios of Endogenous Steroids Found in Human Serum

New Publication:
The determination of serum concentrations of testosterone (T) and 4-androstenedione (A4) was implemented into the steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport in 2023. Monitoring T, A4, and the ratio of T/A4 in a longitudinal manner enables the detection of the misuse of low-dose T administrations especially in female athletes, whereas urinary markers of the steroid profile may not be influenced significantly.

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