Information from the International Paralympic Committee (IPC)
"People with injuries to the cervical or thoracic spine may suffer from an abnormal sympathetic reflex known as autonomic dysreflexia. The reflex is triggered by painful stimulation of the lower half of the body, particularly by the distension and irritation of the bladder. Symptoms of dysreflexia include a rapid rise in blood pressure, headache, sweating, skin flushing, and goosebumps. In severe cases, it can lead to confusion, cerebral hemorrhage, or even death.
The reflex can occur spontaneously or be deliberately triggered. Since this so-called “boosting” poses a health risk, the IPC prohibits participation in competition while in a state of dysreflexia. If an athlete shows signs of dysreflexia during the warm-up phase, they will be excluded from the competition."